Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common digestive condition affecting the stomach and intestines. Symptoms include cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea, constipation, or both.

Most cases are mild and can be managed with diet, lifestyle, and stress control, while more severe cases may need medication or counseling. Unlike some digestive diseases, IBS doesn’t damage the intestines or raise the risk of colorectal cancer.
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What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common, long-term condition that affects the large intestine. Symptoms can look different from person to person, but gaining a better understanding of what IBS is, why it occurs, and how it’s diagnosed can help you take control of your gut health.

Common symptoms of IBS include:

  • Abdominal pain or cramping
  • Bloating and excess gas
  • Changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhoea (IBS-D), constipation (IBS-C), or a mix of both (IBS-M)

While IBS isn’t dangerous or life-threatening, it can have a big impact on daily life. The positive news is that with the right knowledge and support, you can find effective ways to manage symptoms and feel more in control.

Why does Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Occur?

The exact cause of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) isn’t fully understood, but several factors are thought to play a role in triggering or worsening symptoms:
Gut–Brain Communication Issues – The signals between the brain and digestive system may not work properly, affecting how the bowel muscles move.
Food Sensitivities – Certain foods, like dairy, gluten, or high-FODMAP ingredients, can trigger discomfort for some people.
Stress and Anxiety – Emotional stress can make the gut more sensitive, often leading to flare-ups.
Gut Bacteria Imbalance – Changes in the gut microbiome may contribute to ongoing IBS symptoms.
Although there’s no single cure, many people manage IBS successfully with a mix of dietary adjustments, stress reduction, and tailored treatments or medication. The key is identifying your personal triggers and finding strategies that work for you.

IBS Diagnosis

While there isn’t a single cure for IBS, many people are able to manage their symptoms through a personalised approach. This often includes dietary changes, stress management, and targeted treatments or medication. Gut health testing can play a key role in this process, helping to identify individual triggers and imbalances so you can find the strategies that work best for you.

Blood Tests

Celiac disease – by checking for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies
Anemia or infections – via a complete blood count (CBC)
Inflammation markers – such as C-reactive protein (CRP) or ESR, which may suggest inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Stool Tests

Calprotectin or lactoferrin – to look for inflammation that may indicate IBD rather than IBS
Fecal occult blood test – to check for hidden blood in the stool
Stool culture – to rule out infections caused by bacteria or parasites

Breath Tests

Lactose intolerance test – to detect problems digesting lactose
Fructose intolerance test – to check for fructose malabsorption
SIBO test – to identify small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Hydrogen sulphide breath test – to detect specific bacteria in the gut

Other Investigations

Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy – if symptoms are severe or unusual, to rule out IBD, colorectal cancer, or microscopic colitis
Imaging tests – such as CT scans, MRIs, or abdominal ultrasounds to assess the intestines, gallbladder, or pancreas

Frequently asked questions

Everything you need to know about the product and billing.
What is IBS?
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a long-term condition that affects the large intestine. It causes symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, gas, and changes in bowel habits (diarrhoea, constipation, or both).
What causes IBS?
The exact cause isn’t fully understood, but IBS is linked to problems with gut–brain communication, food sensitivities, stress, and imbalances in gut bacteria. It’s not caused by a single factor, and triggers often vary from person to person.
Is IBS dangerous?
No. IBS doesn’t damage the intestines, and it doesn’t increase the risk of colorectal cancer. However, it can significantly impact quality of life if left unmanaged.
What are the common symptoms of IBS?
-Abdominal pain or cramping
-Bloating and excess gas
-Diarrhoea, constipation, or alternating between the two
-Urgency or incomplete bowel movements
How is IBS diagnosed?
There’s no single test for IBS. Doctors usually diagnose it based on symptoms, medical history, and by ruling out other conditions. Tests may include blood tests, stool tests, breath tests, or (in some cases) a colonoscopy.
What foods should I avoid if I have IBS?
Trigger foods vary, but common culprits include dairy, gluten, caffeine, alcohol, spicy foods, and high-FODMAP foods (like onions, beans, and artificial sweeteners). Keeping a food diary can help identify your personal triggers.
How is IBS treated?
Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and may include dietary changes (like a low-FODMAP diet), stress reduction, probiotics, fibre supplements, medications, or therapy to address gut–brain interaction.
Can stress make IBS worse?
Yes. Stress and anxiety can heighten gut sensitivity and trigger flare-ups. Techniques like mindfulness, exercise, counselling, or relaxation practices can help manage symptoms alongside dietary and medical support.

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